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ARM驱动学习之8 动态申请字符类设备号
KernelCode:
• 字符设备函数在文件“include/linux/fs.h”中
• alloc_chrdev_region() 是动态分配主次设备号。
• 宏定义MAJOR提取dev_t数据中的主设备号源码：
/*** alloc_chrdev_region() - register a range of char device numbers* @dev: output parameter for first assigned number* @baseminor: first of the requested range of minor numbers * @count: the number of minor numbers required* @name: the name of the associated device or driver** Allocates a range of char device numbers. The major number will be* chosen dynamically, and returned (along with the first minor number)* in @dev. Returns zero or a negative error code.*/int alloc_chrdev_region(dev_t *dev,unsigned baseminor, unsigned count,const char *name)
{struct char_device_struct *cd;cd = __register_chrdev_region(0, baseminor, count, name);if (IS_ERR(cd))return PTR_ERR(cd);*dev = MKDEV(cd->major, cd->baseminor);return 0;
}/*** unregister_chrdev_region() - return a range of device numbers* @from: the first in the range of numbers to unregister* @count: the number of device numbers to unregister** This function will unregister a range of @count device numbers,* starting with @from. The caller should normally be the one who* allocated those numbers in the first place...*/
void unregister_chrdev_region(dev_t from, unsigned count)
{dev_t to = from + count;dev_t n, next;for (n = from; n < to; n = next) {next = MKDEV(MAJOR(n)+1, 0);if (next > to)next = to;kfree(__unregister_chrdev_region(MAJOR(n), MINOR(n), next - n));}
}1.在scdev_init如下：
DEVICE_NAME改为“ascdev”
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&num_dev,numdev_minor,DEVICE_MINOR_NUM,DEVICE_NAME);
numdev_magor = MAJOR(num_dev);
printk(KERN_EMERGE "numdev_magor is %d \n",numdev_magor);• 加载运行
– 使用命令“cat /proc/devices”查看
– 动态加载模块之后再查看设备号源码：
#include <linux/init.h>
/*包含初始化宏定义的头文件,代码中的module_init和module_exit在此文件中*/
#include <linux/module.h>
/*包含初始化加载模块的头文件,代码中的MODULE_LICENSE在此头文件中*//*定义module_param module_param_array的头文件*/
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
/*定义module_param module_param_array中perm的头文件*/
#include <linux/stat.h>/*字符设备函数*/
#include <linux/fs.h>
/*MDKDEV转换设备号数据类型宏定义*/
#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
/*定义字符设备的结构体*/
#include <linux/cdev.h>#define DEVICE_NAME "Ascdev"
#define DEVICE_MINOR_NUM 2
#define DEV_MAJOR 0
#define DEV_MINOR 0MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
/*声明是开源的，没有内核版本限制*/
MODULE_AUTHOR("iTOPEET_dz");
/*声明作者*/static int numdev_major = DEV_MAJOR ;//主设备号
static int numdev_minor = DEV_MINOR ;//次设备号module_param(numdev_major,int,S_IRUSR);
module_param(numdev_minor,int,S_IRUSR);static int Ascdev_init(void)
{int ret = 0;dev_t num_dev;if(numdev_major){num_dev = MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor);//宏命令，用于处理各种设备号相关的数据//设备注册ret = register_chrdev_region(num_dev,DEVICE_MINOR_NUM,DEVICE_NAME);if(ret < 0){printk(KERN_EMERG "register_chrdev_region req is %d is failed \n",num_dev );return -1;}printk(KERN_EMERG "register_chrdev_region %d is success \n",numdev_major); }else{ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&num_dev,numdev_minor,DEVICE_MINOR_NUM,DEVICE_NAME);if(ret < 0){printk(KERN_EMERG "alloc_chrdev_region req is %d is failed \n",num_dev );return -1;}numdev_major = MAJOR(num_dev);printk(KERN_EMERG "numdev_major is %d \n",numdev_major);}printk(KERN_EMERG "Ascdev enter!\n");/*打印信息，KERN_EMERG表示紧急信息*/return 0;
}static void Ascdev_exit(void)
{ unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(numdev_major,numdev_minor),DEVICE_MINOR_NUM);printk(KERN_EMERG "Ascdev exit!\n");
}module_init(Ascdev_init);
/*初始化函数*/
module_exit(Ascdev_exit);
/*卸载函数*/Makefile:
#!/bin/bash
#通知编译器我们要编译模块的哪些源码
#这里是编译itop4412_hello.c这个文件编译成中间文件itop4412_hello.o
#obj-m += mini_linux_module.o
obj-m += request_cdev_num.o
#源码目录变量，这里用户需要根据实际情况选择路径
#作者是将Linux的源码拷贝到目录/home/topeet/android4.0下并解压的
KDIR := /home/topeet/Android4.0/iTop4412_Kernel_3.0
#当前目录变量
PWD ?= $(shell pwd)#make命名默认寻找第一个目标
#make -C就是指调用执行的路径
#$(KDIR)Linux源码目录，作者这里指的是/home/topeet/android4.0/iTop4412_Kernel_3.0
#$(PWD)当前目录变量
#modules要执行的操作
all:make -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules#make clean执行的操作是删除后缀为o的文件
clean:rm -rf *.mod.c *.o *.order *.ko *.mod.o *.symvers